American civil wars in the south and north 1

 This spring is the 150th anniversary of the beginning of the civil wars and separatism in the United States of America. The American civil wars between the southern and northern states of that country took place in the second half of the 19th century between 1861 and 1865 and lasted for four years, the bloodiest, largest, most brutal, and most brutal civil war in the western world. That was the century.
Out of the 31 million population of America that day, more than 620,000 soldiers and military officers were killed in various battles on both sides, and more than 1,100,000 soldiers were injured. In these battles, hundreds of thousands of innocent civilians died due to war, spread of various diseases, disease and hunger, and millions of people were displaced and homeless. The civil wars of the United States were the war of the United States against itself, not against foreigners.
According to published official statistics, American military casualties in these wars are the total of all military casualties of this country, from the beginning of the independence of the United States in the late 18th century to the Korean and Vietnam wars (including the American wars with England, Mexico, Spain, and World Wars I and II) has been more.
For example, American military casualties in the War of Independence (1775 to 1783 AD) 4435 people, in the First World War (1917 to 1918 AD) 516,116 people, in the Second World War (1941 to 1945 AD) 399,405 people, in the war Korea (1950 to 1953 AD) 746.33 people, and in the Vietnam War (1964 to 1973 AD) 152.58 people. The military casualties of the four-year civil wars of the United States were very high compared to the population of the United States at that time. In other words, if we count the American military casualties in the civil wars in relation to the current population of America (309 million people), the military casualties of the civil wars and separatism exceed 6 million people. During the four years that the American Civil War continued, more than two million soldiers and officers from the armies of the northern and southern states participated in it (about one million three hundred thousand people from the northern states and 850 thousand people from the southern states) and at the end More than half of these people were killed and wounded, and nearly one third (more than 620 thousand people) were killed and one fifth (more than 475 thousand people) were wounded.
The main causes of civil wars and separatism in the United States lay in three economic, racial and political factors. The economic factor was the contrast and disharmony between the modern and industrial capitalist system of the northern states of America and the ancient, traditional and agricultural capitalist system of the southern states. In the southern states, planting cotton, spinning yarn, owning land and fertile pastures, and buying and selling slaves formed the basis of wealth and power. Many of the inhabitants of the southern states, especially the rich class and nobles, were not ready for the new industrial and commercial system of the northern states, which abandoned the slaves and turned to factories and workers, to replace their economic system, and for this reason, they were unable to maintain the slavery system. And they insisted on maintaining their cotton fields. Slave ownership not only constituted the labor force and human resources of the southern states, but it was considered a source of wealth and income. Buying and selling slaves was considered a commodity.
The second factor was the abolition of slavery in the North and the rebellion and uprising to eliminate racial discrimination and grant the earliest human rights to the black population throughout America. The southern states were opposed to the legal abolition of slavery, and the northern industrial states, who were interested in their economic and financial development in the south of America, saw the slavery system as an obstacle to the growth and development of modern capitalism.
The political factor and the third cause of civil wars and separatism in America was the contradiction of the constitution with the social structures and prejudices in the society, especially the role of the federal (central) government in front of the state governments. Not only was the slavery system in conflict with the principle declared in the Constitution that “all men are created equal”, but the country declared in 1789 called the “United States of America” was actually a legal union of “state governments”. became A united nation, or in other words, the United Nations of America, was a dream of the original founders of the United States of America. Although the state governments in the north and west of the American continent developed and the number of the United States increased, the number and power of the southern states in the US Congress (House of Representatives and Senate) and in the central government system (federal) decreased at the same time. It is found and becomes pale. The separation of 11 southern states from the total of 34 existing states in 1861, and the division of the United States into two governments, the United States of America and the Confederate States of America, with presidents, the army, and Congress, and their own special internal and external policies, are in fact a reflection and response. The southern states were mentioned for three reasons.