In the expanse of this vast and ancient world, whenever Iran and Iranians have been powerful, they have been very prosperous and proud, and nowhere in their history is it known to attack a foreign or distant country for no reason, and make them raid and kill. give His power has never been misused to invade other countries. Exactly the opposite of this case is also true for our Iran. Whenever incompetent governments have come to power and preferred personal interests over national interests, we have witnessed the ominous shadow of foreign conspiracy , degeneration and successive aggressions against Iran. Those times when Anoushirvan Dadgar, Cyrus the Great , Dariush the Great , Xhasyarsha, Bahram Gor, Tirdad the Great, Mehrdad the Great, Yaqub Laith Ruiger, Ismail Samani, Ardeshir Babkan – Shah Abbas Kabir Safavi, Nader Shah Afshar and other patriots of Iran sat on the throne of power. And a proud Iranian has appeared in the world. But unfortunately, when despotic kings, Harassment and patriotism ruled Iran like Shah Sultan Hosseins and Muhammad Alishahs. Iran was attacked by foreigners and quickly went down the slope of decline. Now the discussion is about the Iranian island of Bahrain. A land that has been an integral part of our Iran for a long time. Since the colonialism of the old England and Russia immediately cast its ominous shadow on our Ahurai Iran, Bahrain separated this Iranian island from the body of our Iran with thousands of conspiracies and deceptions. Now we will state some parts of what we know as documented and logical reasons to prove the Iranian national identity of Bahrain. Bahrain was separated from Iran during the prime ministership of Hoyda in the Pahlavi dynasty with the extensive British conspiracy. Of course, it is said that this matter was not approved as an official law with the intervention of members of the Great Iran Movement Party in the National Council, which means that this movement is unpopular. Britain had called Iran the occupier of Bahrain with dozens of letters and protests to international organizations. The king of Iran, who was deceived by the irresponsible and corrupt agents around him, agreed to hold a referendum in Bahrain, and the final result of the referendum was in favor of England. The referendum is full of lies and deception so that England can get the infinite wealth and geopolitical position of this always Iranian region. But without a doubt, if there had been a resounding response to these colonialists at that time, today we would never have witnessed the falsification of the name of the Persian Gulf We were not in Tazyan Bay , we never witnessed it Ridiculous claims of ownership of Bedouin Arabs on the three islands of Iran We were not there, we never witnessed the claim of ownership of Iranian scientists in the name of Arab elders. . . And maybe even if a strong and fundamental approach was given by the Iranian government to separate Bahrain from our country, maybe we would never witness 8 years of imposed war to get The Aryan land of Khuzestan and its oil were not taken by Iraq. Undoubtedly, the division of a part of Iran’s soil, even its smallest member, which was Bahrain, can unfortunately be the biggest hang for the enemies of our Ahurai land. Iran’s Bahrain, which was officially introduced as the 14th province of this land by the Iranian government at the time in 1336, was captured by the evil colonial England with thousands of dirty tricks. Maybe they have given the name of independence to the lands of Iran, but no city that was separated from Iran has anything to say in the world today, and its boundless wealth is taken away by foreigners. such as Iraqi Kurdistan oil – Bahrain oil and pearls, Azerbaijan oil – Turkmenistan and . . Therefore, we must reach a level of understanding to extinguish these foreign seditions that are being given to the cities of Iran under the banner of freedom, democracy and independence. The independence that today the Republic of Azerbaijan (Northern Iran) , Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Kurdistan , Armenia, Bahrain and. . . They have no say in industry, technology, economy, social welfare, or global prestige. Therefore, it is our national and patriotic duty not to spare any efforts to rejoin them, because otherwise the foreigners will take advantage of it in the opposite direction. This seems very necessary in the current situation of Iran.
History of Bahrain before Islam
Bahrain is the name of a group of Iranian islands located in the southwest of Iran and west of Qatar. The names of the other islands in Bahrain are as follows: Manama, Muharraq, Umm Nasan, Setra, Umm al-Shajar, Umm al-Shajir, Bani Saleh, Beka, Hawar, Hale al-Bayd. Bahrain has many products such as rice, pomegranate, lemon, walnut, citrus, banana, almond, tamarind, mango. Before independence, more than 2/3 of the people of Bahrain Island were Shiite and Persian-speaking Iranians. Unfortunately, after separation with the help of Arab countries and England, they modified the Iranian identity there and sent many Arabs to Bahrain to deny any connection with Iran and Iranian identity. Similarly, many Iranians were forced to migrate to the shores of the Persian Gulf, but the history and many national documents that have been left behind make all the efforts of primitive Arab countries fruitless and prove that Bahrain is Iranian. Not so long ago, Iran’s currency was the most valuable currency of Bahrain, but England replaced it with its own currency. Manama is the most populous city in Bahrain. Many areas of Bahrain have Iranian names, including: Tubli, Daraz, Tori, Demstan, Sabz, Shakhoura, Farsiyeh, Karaneh, Karzakan, Markh, Marozan, and Navidrat, which are all derived from the Persian language. Most Arab historians believe that the first city From Iran, which was opened by the Islamic Guard, is Bahrain.
The Bahrain archipelago has been a part of Iran before Islam since ancient times, but the Arabs living on that island repeatedly caused many problems and troubles for the Iranian central government due to their distance from the Iranian government and central forces; therefore, the Persian Gulf region They had made it with chaos and banditry. Until Sassanid King Shapur II (nicknamed Shapur Dhul-Kataf, 309,337 AD) marched to Bahrain with full forces and numerous warships and suppressed the rebels with severity. In such a way that until the fall of the Sassanid government by the Arabs (651 AD) , there was complete peace there. After Islam, the Arabs did not change the administrative organizations of the conquered lands, because they did not have administrative organizations to replace them, instead, the people of those lands, who had a brilliant civilization and culture, sometimes higher than the civilization of the Arabs, were created and administered. Islamic-administrative organizations used it and this method helped them a lot.
Amin Rouhani wrote in his book known as “Maluk al-Arab”: In the early years of Islam, Bahrain was in the territory of Iran. Its people are Zoroastrian, Jewish and Christian. Manzer and a team of agents of the king of Iran have been responsible for ruling Bahrain.
According to the history of the Persian Gulf or the Persian Sea It was the seat of the Aryans and the inhabitants of Shamat lived in these areas before. A casket from the Assyrian period was also discovered in Bahrain. In all pre-Islamic eras, the Iranian imperial government had control and supervision over the entire Persian Gulf region and its surrounding cities. In the ancient inscriptions of Assyria, Bahrain is mentioned as “Ni Duk Ki”. Dr. Wetsfeld and Dr. Theodorobnet believe that the Aryans generally lived on the Oman Sea and the Persian Gulf. The ancient cemetery, which is located a few kilometers from the town of Abu Ali in the south of Manama, is an example of this more than 4600-year-old civilization in Aryan Bahrain. “Dr. Westfeld” says that before Islam, the western shores of the Persian Sea were ruled by Iranians. There is even a city left from the Sassanid period, which is named after one of the Iranian generals. Today, this city is called Spidgan (sponge), which is taken from Sardar Spadoye. After Islam, during the time of Prophet Muhammad, a messenger carrying a message from his container to an Iranian agent in Bahrain. They converted to Islam for a short time, but after the death of the Prophet, they all returned to Zoroastrianism and Christianity. One of the oldest documents of Iran’s ownership of Bahrain goes back to Muhammad Ibn Jarir al-Tabari. He writes: During the Parthian period, the Arabs were all in the Rehjaz, and Baydeh, Mecca, and Yemen were their residences. Those groups who were in Hijaz and Bedouin suffered from famine and hunger. On the other hand, they could not enter Iraq because Iraq was under the control of the Parthians of Iran. After Hejaz, they moved to Bahrain, which was under Iran.
The famous French orientalist Cosen de Persval has mentioned it in his book “The History of the Arabs before Islam” and he has exactly repeated this sentence of Tabari.
Abolfaraj Esfahani, the author of the book of songs in the 11th volume, said: Some Arab families migrated to the Hijr region in Bahrain, but the people there prevented them from entering, and a war broke out, and the residents there were defeated, and the Arabs settled there.
Tabari’s history mentions: During the reign of Ardeshir Babakan, a king named Santaraq ruled in Bahrain. Ardeshir sent a general to fight him and defeated him and captured his castle and brought his property to Iran as booty. He appointed his son as the king there. Ardeshir built a city in Bahrain called Khat, which was the capital of this island during his time. After Shapur Dzul-Aktaf, who reigned from 310 to 379, some Arab subjects of Iran rebelled. They rebelled against the Iranian emperor from the region of Hijr. Shapur sent the naval forces of the Iranian army to this area. This battle is the first naval battle recorded in the region after the Sennacherib War. Shapur went to Khat, Hijr, Yamama and put them in their place.
Sir Arnold Wilson, the author of the Persian Gulf book, writes about the Battle of Shahpur: Shapur was found on the ship in Qatif and suppressed a large number of Bahraini rebels and took control of the entire island. Then he went to Tamim, but because the evil of the Arabs did not end and they had violent rebellions, Shahpur tied them together to teach others a lesson, and pierced their shoulders and passed a rope through them. After this incident, Bahrain was calmed down forever and under the control of Iran.
The inscription of Darius the Great in Biston is another document of Iran’s ownership of the Persian Gulf and all its islands: Dariush Shah from Arbabah (a part of Arabia), Maka (the part adjacent to the Strait of Hormuz) and. . . Names The south and the Strait of Hormuz and the coasts of the Persian Gulf have been completely under the control of Iran.
During the four hundred and twenty years of Sassanid rule over a large part of the Middle East, Bahrain was a part of Iran.
Kalman Hovar writes that during the reign of Khosrow Parviz Sassanid in the years 590 to 627 AD, the Prophet of Islam invited the king of Bahrain named Munzerban Sawi, who was under the control of the Iranian emperor, to Islam, and he converted to Islam. At that time, a border guard named Esbi Bakht was in charge of military control in Bahrain. He was chosen by the Iranian emperor. Because some Bahrainis did not convert to Islam and were forced to pay tribute to the Prophet’s agents, the residents of Bahrain started a rebellion and after a while they all returned from Islam and became Zoroastrians.
It is given in Al-Kharaj book: The Prophet of Islam used to collect Jizya from the Magi (Zoroastrians) of Hijr in Bahrain, and it was decided that whoever converted to Islam would be safe with his property, blood and life.
The French Orientalist named Charles Shafer writes in the translation of Nasr Khosrow Qabadani’s book: The name of Marzban of Bahrain is the same as Iranian Espadoye.
Clement Avar says: During the time of Anushirvan Adel, a huge army went to the Persian Gulf. The Iranian navy was equipped in Abule located at the mouth of the Euphrates and went from Cape Hadd to Aden and brought most of the Arabian regions under Iran’s control. Finally, the government of the coasts of the south of the Persian Gulf and the northeast of the Arabian Peninsula and the Bahrain Islands was entrusted to Noman Ibn Manzar, the agent of the king of Iran. The emperors of Iran used to appoint agents from the people of that region over all their government areas. In 633 AD according to the year 12 Hijri, the people of Bahrain turned away from Islam. Their leader was Manzer Irani, who after some time, Bahrain came out of the control of the Arabs and the Iranians ruled there. During Ali’s time, some clans of Bahrain refused to pay tribute, but during the caliphate of Umar, Bahrain paid 800,000 dirhams and 500,000 dirhams to the caliph.
The text of the letter of the Prophet of Islam to Noman Ibn Munzar, the Iranian agent in Bahrain: In the name of God, the Merciful, the Merciful. This letter is sent by Muhammad and the Messenger of God to Munzarabin Numan Sawi. peace be upon you Truly, I praise a God who has sent to you such that there is no God but Him, and now Muhammad is His Messenger. So I am truly reminding you of God and whoever gives advice has done it for himself and whoever obeys my messengers has done good for me. It means that you believe in the truth and are humble and submissive. I will intercede for him and his family. So you and your family will be safe if you become Muslim. So I will forgive your sins and you will remain in your position as long as you are righteous and virtuous, and whoever remains among your people in the Jewish and Zoroastrian religion must pay jizya. . .
Movement of Iranians in Bahrain (after Islam)
During the time of the Rashidin Caliphs, many parts of Iran rose against the Islamic government to end the Tazi rule in Iran. These people were called Khawarij, many of them were Iranian people and some were Arabs. In the year 72 Hijri, the ruler of Bahrain, named “Abu Fadiq al-Qarihi”, refused to obey the Umayyads. But the following year, Abdul Malik bin Marwan sent an army to Bahrain and suppressed them. After the incident in 105 AH, Masoud Abdi rebelled against the Caliph. and took Bahrain under his control. He ruled Bahrain independently for nineteen years, but was eventually killed by Sufyan bin Amr. Qaramata were Kharijites who started a rebellion in Bahrain and Saudi Arabia after this incident. Their leader was Abu Tahir Abu Saad Hosni, who founded the city of Lahsa in Bahrain. In 443 AH, Naser Khosrow traveled to Bahrain. He has described the people there as generally Karamti and all Iranians. He writes: Ali bin Ahmad, an Iranian name, built a mosque in Lahsa and housed travelers there. Khwaja Nizam al-Mulk also described the interior of Bahrain as all Iranian in his policy. The Qormatian movement was an Iranian movement that Hamdullah Mostofi considers to be the year 319 Hijri, which the Iranians created to get out of the Arab rule. After Qaramata, Sahib al-Zanj rebellion occurred in 449 AH, whose owners were Iranians. Some have described the rise of this group as the emergence of a new prophet. This movement was against Arab governments and was in complete contradiction with slavery. Their leader was killed after some time.
Bahrain and Oman were part of Iran during the Dilmian period and were ruled by Iranian princes. The famous historian “Ibn Balkhi” writes in the book Fars Namah: When it was the turn of Azdwal Doulah Dilmi, he built so many mansions that it was not the limit. During his reign, all the kingdoms of Pars, Kerman, Oman, Ba’ashr, Darya Basiraf, Pars and . . Was . After the decline of Al Boyeh and the rise of the Seljuks, Bahrain also belonged to Iran. During the time of Imad al-Dawlah Seljuqi, the ruler of Kerman until the death of Arslan Shah Seljuqi, Bahrain was ruled by Shah Kerman. After him, Seljuqshah became the ruler of Bahrain.
Ibn Battuta, the famous Arab historian who had traveled to many cities, wrote after arriving in Bahrain: The products of Bahrain are dates, cotton, pomegranates and pearls. The residents there are Rafizians. (Rafidian was a part of Iran states).
England’s conspiracy to separate Bahrain from Iran
The declaration of independence of Syria and Bahrain was published on August 14, 1971, with decades of British efforts. One day later (15 August), Bahrain and England signed a friendship agreement with the purpose of “consultation” in times of need They signed each other. In this way, after a century and a half of conflict and conflict, the issue of Bahrain was handed over to British colonialism by Iran, a secret compromise and agreement was made between Iran and the Western powers over Iran’s future role in the Persian Gulf region and granting concessions to Iran about another territorial issue of the country, i.e. the three islands which were always a part of Iran. In fact, it should be said Bahrain became a victim of a political conflict and was the last part separated from Iran in the modern era.
From the beginning of the formation of the Arab empire, which was spread by blood and sword in order to spread the religion of Islam, and especially in the era of the Umayyads, Bahrain has a special centrality in political movements and ideological clashes. enjoyed in the Persian Gulf region. In 72 A.H. AH (691 AD) a group of Khawarij to The leadership of “Abu Fadak” raised a great uprising against the Umayyad government and excluded Bahrain from the citizenship of the Umayyad caliphs . With the expulsion of the Umayyad governor, he has independent rule over this archipelago for about twenty years. In the year 151 The governor of Bahrain revolted against the government of the caliphs. About a hundred years later, the uprising of slaves and blacks The region under the leadership of a person nicknamed “Sahib al-Zanj” affected the entire Persian Gulf gave After that, another group led by an Iranian named Abu Saeed Bahram Janabi “( or Ganaveh) rose against the government of the caliphs and spread a freedom movement in the region . This movement was called Abu Saidi or Qarmati uprising (Abu Said was a follower of Hamdan Qarmati ) , it started from the shores of Iran, and Abu Said left He found Bahrain as a suitable center for movement.
After the Arabs attacked Iran and occupied this country Bahrain remained a part of Great Iran until the Safavid dynasty came to power After a long period of time, Iran once again had a single and centralized government, the land of Iran He witnessed numerous decentralized and local governments that were always in power competition and war and conflict They were with each other, especially that the Mongols’ brutal and extensive attack on Iran (in 1220 AD ) made everything completely changed and confused; But it should be noted that Bahrain It was always considered a part of the local governments in the southern parts of Iran .
until in the early sixteenth century AD with the invasion of Portuguese colonialism to the Indian Ocean and Persian Gulf region (in 1506), many strategic points in the region including Hormuz Island And the Bahrain archipelago was also captured and occupied by them (in 1521). after passing About a century after the Portuguese occupation, Shah Abbas the Great in 1602 invaded Bahrain. freed it from foreign invaders and rejoined Iran. After that, the assembly Algeria, Bahrain was under the full control of the Iranian government for 180 years. Then, in In 1783 (or 1782), “Sheikh Ahmed bin Khalifa” from the “Bani Utba” tribe and from the ” Khalifa” family, who had migrated to Kuwait from the Najd region in the center of Arabia, came to this The land was attacked and conquered by Iranian soldiers after defeat. Since then, the government Bahrain was given to the members of the ” Khalifa” (Al Khalifa) family with the all-round political-colonial and aggressive support of England .
It should be pointed out that the state and stability of governments in Iran has always directly influenced the political situation and fate of Bahrain , as for example after the death of Shah Abbas I – the powerful Safavid king . , and the weakness of his successors, the sea pirates of Arab origin based in Bahrain also started to touch the Persian Gulf and its surrounding areas, and in fact, for some time, a trace of the rulership Iran did not remain on Bahrain. During this period, the old and powerful colony of Enlis in Competing with other colonial powers in the region, as well as taking advantage of the situation The chaotic and chaotic region and the weakness of its similar powers, the Arab sheikhs of the Persian Gulf are in control He got his will and finally in 1820 after defeating pirates and slaves Sellers, protectorate contracts with the leaders of the sheikhdoms of the Persian Gulf, among others Bahrain signed.
Sheikh Salman bin Ahmad (Sheikh of Bahrain) in January 1820Uncle Peace Agreement” or “Basic Agreement” (and in fact the same subjugation agreement). He signed a protectorate with England, because of his strong power and dominance Bahrain declared itself under British protectorate and the flag of that country over the headquarters He raised his Dar al-Hukomah! Thus, from this time onward for a period of 150 years Bahrain came under the occupation of England and naturally the government of Iran faced a serious problem He faced political and territorial issues.
It is worth remembering that “Mohammed bin Khalifa”, the ruler of Bahrain at the time and the grandson of Salman bin Ahmed, despite the fact that in 1861 he signed an agreement with the British East India Company on the prohibition of military actions, piracy and slave trade in the Persian Gulf. It was not under British influence. For this reason, the British Navy in 1867 The city of Manama (the current capital of Bahrain) was shelled, but “Isa bin Ali” was replaced In 1868, during the conclusion of a treaty, he officially submitted to the British protectorate. Follower It, the government of Iran (during the reign of Naser al-Din Shah) through a note to the British Embassy In Tehran, he protested against this action of the mentioned government. The UK government responded to this note announced that the purpose of signing the said treaty was to establish order and security in the Persian Gulf , and if the Iranian government takes such responsibility, the British government will Will welcome! In this answer, it was stated that if there is any movement from the sheikh of Bahrain which requires new measures from the British government, the Iranian government will be informed! After that, the Sheikh of Bahrain signed other protectorate contracts (similar to protectorate contracts with other sheikhdoms) with England in 1880 and 1892. delivered
The government of Iran during a century and a half of the acuteness of the problem Bahrain (1820, 1970) and the interference and domination of England on that island of Souq Al-Jishi, never the separation of Bahrain He did not accept Iran’s territory, but at the same time, he also had the power to carry out an acute action against Great Britain, which once occupied dozens of foreign countries with aggression and looting. did not have. It should be mentioned that inside Bahrain, apart from its sheikhs, they are mostly dependent and under influence In England, from the beginning of the 20th century onwards, there were sometimes movements against the policies of England was observed; For example, in 1911, a group of Bahraini merchants and nationalists demanded Limiting the influence of England and creating an arbitration committee to resolve Fimabin disputes due to fishing but the leaders of this group were arrested by the British authorities living in Bahrain They were exiled to India. At the same time, following the challenge of the power of the Ottoman and British governments Sovereignty over Bahrain, the treaty recognizing the independence of Bahrain was signed by the aforementioned governments in 1913 , which failed with the outbreak of the First World War .
England’s power and influence in The year 1923 increased with the removal of Sheikh Isa from the government of Bahrain and especially with the appointment of Charles Belgrave as the English adviser to the new ruler, and shortly after with the transfer of the naval base England from Basaidu port (in the west of Qeshm Island) to Bahrain and the transfer of the headquarters of the political representative England in the Persian Gulf from Bushehr to Bahrain, this power and influence became wider and more stable. Parallel to these developments and after the transfer of the monarchy from the Qajar dynasty to the Pahlavi dynasty, Iran demanded He restored his right to rule over this land. On the other hand, the government of Bahrain also consulted and agreed The British advisers and brokers living in Bahrain decided that the demographic and religious structure of this The small sheikhdom was made as much as possible by giving the majority to Sunni Arabs from Arab countries Bahrain encouraged thousands of Palestinians and other Arabs from various Arab countries to Bahrain they attacked. In other words, the semi-Iranian structure of this region started to disappear and the Arabs and the British became more dominant.
One of the important characteristics of Bahrain is its demographic composition And it is religious. Considering the historical background of Bahrain and its dependence on Iran, the number Many of its residents are of Iranian descent and Persian speakers, who work in various parts of the country Are . As despite the extensive changes and developments in this matter during the past decades, Even according to the statistical sources of England, 20% of its racial fabric at the end of the 1980s Iranians were forming! At the same time, about 60.70% of Bahraini Muslims are Shiites and only 30, 40 Their percentage is made up of seniors. While despite the majority of Shiites Political power is in the hands of religious people and this is one of the reasons for the weakness of the country’s national security . This has occasionally caused political problems in Bahrain, such as, for example, in 1953, the Shiites of Bahrain, who were afraid of the rapid increase in the immigration of Sunni Arab workers and the change of religion. Due to the artificial structure of the population, they were worried and dissatisfied, they rioted. Therefore, clashes between groups Shia and Sunni Bahrain developed and after a while the leaders of the groups formed the Unity Committee “National Union” (Lajneh Al-Ittihad Al-Watani) reached a relative peace. During the reign of Mohammad Reza Shah, at least in two periods of time, the issue of Iran’s ownership and sovereignty over Bahrain was more acute Was raised . In March 1329, in the bill related to the nationalization of Iran’s oil industry, which was approved It was presented to the National Assembly, “Bahrain Oil Company” was also in the nationalization plan Because the Bahrain archipelago formed a part of Iran’s territory, the second time in In November 1336, the Board of Ministers, with the presence of the Shah, prepared a bill to present to the parliament. did, which clearly showed the right and claim of Iran’s ownership to Bahrain. In this bill In terms of political administration, the country was divided into fourteen provinces, of which Bahrain was the fourteenth province formed Thus, from Iran’s point of view, Bahrain region is separate from Fars province and it formed an independent province. This action of Iran was protested by the press and The aggressor government of England as well as the discontent of the Arabs was subjected to colonial rule. Alikli Ardalan, then Minister of Foreign Affairs Iran in its speech in the National Council in response to the statements of British officials in the parliament The people of that country stated that Iran’s right to rule over Bahrain from the end of the 18th century onwards It was not based on mere claims, but “actually and based on objective reasons and evidence.” Iran rules over Bahrain and the sheikhs of Bahrain are free whenever they want and the central government of Iran has also been powerful, they considered themselves a part of Iran; Iran announced in response to the Arab protest, ” Our Arab brothers should know that Bahrain is part of our body and the issue of Bahrain is one of Iran’s vital interests .
The political-strategic importance of Bahrain in The 1960s increased, especially as Iran saw an increase in Arab revolutionary activities It was on the shores of the Persian Gulf during 1964 and 1965; but the British military presence in The region and the port of Aden would reduce Iran’s fear to some extent, but in November 1967British forces left the strategic port of Aden (near Bab al-Mandab and the southern beginning of the Red Sea) following the internal forests of Yemen, and following it, the People’s Democratic Republic Yemen (South Yemen) was formed as an extreme socialist country. this country Soon, he supported the revolutionary and leftist movements in the region, and in this regard, he started confronting and opposing Iran as well as the moderate (and western) Arab countries as “reactionary countries” .
After leaving Aden (South Yemen), England transferred its forces to Bahrain, and thus, after Aden, the rich Algerian Majlem and Souq Al-Jishi Bahrain as The important base of England in the east of Suez and the Persian Gulf, which is the most important energy center in the world, was raised. Some time later in January 1968 After Britain announced that it would withdraw its forces from the east of Suez by the end of 1971 , the Iranian government welcomed this decision and declared that it had the right to rule. He has not given up on Bahrain. Then, with the design and guidance of England, it became a federation Consisting of nine sheikhdoms in the south of the Persian Gulf, including Bahrain, in the form of a single country after The withdrawal of British forces from the region should be organized, especially the sheikh of Bahrain expressing his displeasure The issue of the future withdrawal of British forces and Iran’s claim of ownership over Bahrain is a problem He considered security for the future of the archipelago and therefore the solution to this problem is the joining of Bahrain The said federation knew .
Iran’s reaction to the formation of this federation with the company of Bahrain was predictable, because contrary to the position of all Arab countries, Iran He opposed the formation of such a federation. Ardeshir Zahedi, Minister of Foreign Affairs of Iran in history 17 In July 1347, in an official statement, Shahtul-Lahni announced: “Creating something called The Federation of Persian Gulf Emirates with the participation of Bahrain Islands is absolutely unacceptable from Iran’s point of view .
Mohammad Reza Shah, in turn, announced that the creation of this federation is nothing but a colonial and imperialist act and an attempt to return Anlagis to the region through the “back door “. It is not a region. He warned that Iran if necessary to preserve historical interests and rights A land will act powerfully .
In the meantime, open negotiations and It was done secretly between Iran, England, Saudi Arabia and America. one of Existing positions on the solution of the Bahrain issue – apart from British colonial policies – Saudi Arabia’s support (as an Arab country with regional influence) to the wishes and hopes of the Sheikh of Bahrain It was also the border of the territorial waters and the continental plateau of the two countries. The conflict of interests of the two countries was such that The Shah postponed his official visit to Saudi Arabia in early 1968 (1347). had dropped Finally, with the negotiations of the parties, the first significant step in solving long-standing disputes two countries on the border of the continental plateau and the ownership of the Persian and Arabian islands on October 24, 1968 It was done by signing an agreement. Secret negotiations and agreements between Iran and England and America, as well as the signing of the above agreement, caused Iran to come up short on the issue of Bahrain and unfortunately to withdraw politically .
During his official visit to India, the Shah announced in an unprecedented and anti-national interview in “New Delhi” publications on January 4, 1969 that “If the people of Bahrain want to join my country, Iran. “Don’t be” from Iran’s claims He will give up his territory to this Persian Gulf island. He said that if politics If the international community wants it, Iran also accepts the will of the people of Bahrain. The king insisted that Iran is against using force to solve the territorial issue of Bahrain. He responded to this When asked whether he proposes to hold a general election or a referendum in order to gain the opinion of the people of Bahrain, he answered :
I don’t want to go into the details of this question at this time; But any kind of means that can express the will of the people of Bahrain in an official and accepted way by you and us and the whole world will be desirable . This non-national move of Mohammad Reza Shah was undoubtedly not approved by any Iranian who is aware and friendly to Iran, because according to the laws of free and civilized countries, no city has the right to secede from the country, and only if it is approved by the representatives of the national parliament of that country and a referendum of all the people of that country. It is possible to vote for the withdrawal of a region from a country and for the king himself to decide to divide an important city and Suq Al-Jishi is nothing but a government dictatorship. Mohammad Reza Shah, who was a friend of Iran, unfortunately left a black mark in his career with this move, which was done under the pressure of old British colonialism. Just as today, after about 200 years, every free Iranian who has national pride curses the self-sacrificing and immoral Qajar sultans who handed over 17 cities of the Caucasus, Herat and Baluchistan to the Russians.
Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi continued to answer the journalists’ question and pointed out that Bahrain 150 years ago by England was occupied and separated from Iran, and now it is leaving the Persian Gulf itself, but England He cannot give what he has withheld from Iran to another party without the consent of this country At the same time, after the withdrawal of England, Iran will not seek to occupy Bahrain, therefore Such a state and period will create a non-security situation. These words and statements The official opinions of the Shah indicate reaching a compromise point and a regional agreement between the Shah and the great powers, and at the same time, the necessary grounding of public opinion for the final solution of the issue. Bahrain was through its separation from Iran. In those circumstances, Iran could not to block the military way of Bahrain, this action will have dangerous consequences for Iran had Muslim England as a great colonial power allowed such a bold action would not give it to Iran, while this work made all the Arab countries (both radical and conservative) made allies and allies against Iran. This was while Iran was in At that time, there were extensive territorial, border and political conflicts with Iraq. On the other hand this Iran’s military action was against the principles of the United Nations, of which Iran was also an active member .
Therefore, the Shah took this anti-Iranian action due to the secret compromises made. As about nine months after the New Delhi interview, Shah In the winter of 1348 (early 1970), in an interview, he again asked to solve the problem by The way of obtaining the opinions of the people of Bahrain was officially adopted by the United Nations. Finally a proposal Shah’s official through Iran’s subsequent talks with England and the Secretary General of the United Nations (UTANT ) In the beginning of 1970, Iran reached the final result on March 9, 1970 (March 9, 1348 ). He officially requested the efforts of UN Secretary General Jamila to inquire about the real opinions of the people of Bahrain by appointing a special representative to carry out this mission .
England on March 20 officially agreed to carry out the government’s proposal Iran announced to the Secretary General of the United Nations. He also on the same day after consulting with The representatives of Iran and England announced “that he will delay his Jameela efforts “. Following that, he chose “Vittorio Winspierre Guiciardi” ( Italian diplomat), Deputy Secretary General and Director General of the European Office of the United Nations in Geneva as He appointed his special representative to win the votes of the people of Bahrain. By the way, he from Iran and England took full authority in carrying out its responsibility and expressing its opinion and final decision regarding the solution of the Bahrain issue .
The special representative of the Secretary General for Bahrain affairs, at the head of a delegation of five people, went to that island and from March 29 to April 18, 1970 Selection and discussion with selected political-social groups in Bahrain. Mention this point It is necessary that, contrary to the claims of some foreign sources, referring to public votes through a referendum or general elections, this is not true, but it was done in the same limited selective method mentioned .
After asking the people of Bahrain for a Syrian referendum under British control, Guichiardi submitted the data and results obtained in a report to the Secretary General so that the final decision on the fate of Bahrain could be made based on it.
It was stated in the mentioned report: A delegation found that the people of Bahrain suggested and requested Iran and England to ask for their opinions Jamila’s efforts of the United Nations were praised and commended in this way, no way There was no bitterness and hostility on the part of the people of Bahrain towards the Iranians, and they expressed hope It was said that “Iran’s claim of ownership over Bahrain Go away once and for all ” In addition, it was stated that the people of Bahrain want closer relations with other Arab countries as well as Iran after solving the Bahrain issue , that they want an “independent and fully sovereign” political country, and finally that the majority of the people feel that Bahrain It is an Arab country. In addition, it was written in the report that the delegation had slight differences In the opinion of the urban and rural population of Bahraini people, including those of Iranian descent, people with high education and other social groups; But these differences were marginal (and not fundamental) in terms of the final conclusions of the board members .
The aforementioned report was referred to the Security Council by the Secretary General , and the Security Council approved and approved its contents regarding the independence of Bahrain and its separation from Iran on April 30, 1970, citing the final conclusion of the compiled report .
In May (May 1349), Iran also tried to officially recognize the resolution of the Security Council regarding the independence of Bahrain in the separation from the country’s soil. hit As the government board passed a resolution to approve the decision of the Security Council to the parliament The National Council presented .
Bahrain’s declaration of independence was published on August 14, 1971. Government Iran recognized Bahrain only one hour after its independence. One day later (15 August), Bahrain and England signed a friendship agreement with the purpose of (consultation) in necessary cases They signed each other! In fact, it should be said Bahrain became a victim of political debt and was the last part separated from Iran in the modern era
Bahrain’s sensitive location and natural resources
Bahrain is very rich in terms of wealth compared to its size and population and even has a high position in the Middle East. This became the most important reason for the conspiracy of foreigners against this Iranian part to separate it from the great Iran and to use the unworthy and puppet kings of England and America there to take the infinite funds of this country as hostages. Bahrain’s oil is significant, but its pearls are hidden in the Middle East. From the point of view of classification, the types of pearls can be classified as follows:
Jion pearl or Goltan pearl, which is reddish-white in color and is very precious . White pearls tend to blush a lot. Mixed white and green pearls . Sky or blue glass pearls . A rough and coarse pearl called Nabati .
Until 1920, pearls were the only source of income for the people of Bahrain. But after that, with the discovery of oil, the face of the city changed and many riches came to the people. Everyone believes that Bahrain is one of the richest oil-rich cities in the world. In 1920, the English company Sindica Sharq was registered and went to this side of the world to plunder the wealth of the Middle East. One of the managers of this company was a man named Homs, who became an oil agent in Bahrain. Bahrain had problems with drinking water because it lacked drinking water and the oil wells on its island would be closed with the slightest storm. But English Homes took advantage of the opportunity and exchanged the privilege of drilling deep drinking water wells with the exploitation of Bahrain’s vast oil. Homes proposed extraction to England and America, and the Persian Gulf Oil Company, which was American in origin, accepted it and went to the region. In 1932, the first oil extraction took place in Bahrain, and in 1934, forty thousand tons of oil were exported from Bahrain to the world. Later, it exceeded one million tons annually. English Holmes then signed a ninety-year colonial contract with the Sheikh of Bahrain.
Historical and international reasons for the importance of Bahrain for Iran:
1) According to the laws of the international law of the sea, up to twelve nautical miles behind the island of Bahrain, i.e. the blue coast of Saudi Arabia and the diameter of the internal waters of Iran, and according to this, from twelve nautical miles behind the island of Bahrain, a line was drawn to the Strait of Hormuz and a line to the mouth of Arvand. And all that area that was located in this huge triangle was the exclusive property of Iran, more precisely, more than 80 percent of the area of the Persian Gulf was the territory of Iran and from this passage:
2) More than 70% of the gas and hydrocarbon resources of the Persian Gulf, which is considered the most important source of energy in the world, belonged to our country.
3) More than 70% of the protein sources in this area belonged to Iran .
4) All water traffic of non-Iranian ships (be it from Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia or ships from other countries of the world) should either pass through Iran’s waters with the right of passage or should pass through the waterway between Iran and Qatar (between Bahrain and Qatar). ) were passing .
5) We were no longer worried about the continuous looting of gas resources by Qatar .
6) We no longer witnessed the presence of dozens of American ships in the Persian Gulf
7) The entire global pearl industry and the oil of Bahrain and the Persian Gulf belonged to Iran.
8) If you pay attention to the map of Bahrain, you will realize that this island, with its location above Souq al-Jishi, could be a lever to pressure Iran to establish military bases and control reactionary Arab governments and aggressors in the region . If Bahrain had not been separated from Iran, maybe the Arab countries would never have dared to attack Iran militarily, because Iran could easily attack the UAE, Qatar, Kuwait and part of Saudi Arabia from its military bases in Bahrain, all of which supported the cursed Saddam Hussein. targeted.
۹) If Bahrain was a part of Iran, perhaps the Emirate would never have allowed itself to claim the three islands today. When they see that Iran has easily ignored Bahrain, every primitive and aggressor country will think of more abuses.
۱۰) If Bahrain was a part of Iran, Iran’s power in the Persian Gulf would be several times the current one, and in fact, England’s sinister plan to falsify the name of the Persian Sea to the Arabian Gulf would be buried forever in history, and a primitive nation would not allow itself to Iranians always call the Persian Gulf the Arabian Gulf.
And . . .
What seems important is the need for Iran to promote and support the people of this region to rejoin Iran. It is possible and necessary to do it.
